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Richard Rodgers (1902–1979) and Oscar Hammerstein II (1895–1960) were an influential, innovative and successful American musical theatre writing team, usually referred to as Rodgers and Hammerstein. They created a string of popular Broadway musicals in the 1940s and 1950s, initiating what is considered the "golden age" of musical theatre.〔Gordon, John Steele. (''Oklahoma'!' ). Retrieved June 13, 2010〕 With Rodgers composing the music and Hammerstein writing the lyrics, five of their Broadway shows, ''Oklahoma!'', ''Carousel'', ''South Pacific'', ''The King and I'' and ''The Sound of Music'', were outstanding successes, as was the television broadcast of ''Cinderella''. Among the many accolades their shows (and film versions) garnered were thirty-four Tony Awards,〔Rodgers and Hammerstein began writing together before the era of the Tonys. ''Oklahoma!'' opened in 1943 and ''Carousel'' in 1945, but the first Tonys were not awarded until 1947.〕 fifteen Academy Awards, the Pulitzer Prize, and two Grammy Awards. Their musical theatre writing partnership has been called the greatest of the 20th century.〔 ==Previous work and partnerships== Prior to their partnership, both Rodgers and Hammerstein achieved success independently. Rodgers had collaborated for more than two decades with Lorenz Hart. Among their many Broadway hits were the shows ''A Connecticut Yankee'' (1927), ''Babes in Arms'' (1937), ''The Boys from Syracuse'' (1938), ''Pal Joey'' (1940), and ''By Jupiter'' (1942), as well as many successful film projects.〔(Rodgers and Hart Biography ) Guide to Musical Theatre, accessed April 5, 2009〕 Hammerstein, a co-writer of the popular Rudolf Friml 1924 operetta ''Rose-Marie'', and Sigmund Romberg operettas ''The Desert Song'' (1926) and ''The New Moon'' (1928), began a successful collaboration with composer Jerome Kern on ''Sunny'' (1925), which was a hit. Their 1927 musical ''Show Boat'' is considered to be one of the masterpieces of the American musical theatre.〔("Show Boat" ), theatrehistory.com, excerpted from ''The Complete Book of Light Opera''. Lubbock, Mark. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1962. pp. 807–08.〕 Other Hammerstein/Kern collaborations include ''Sweet Adeline'' (1929) and ''Very Warm for May'' (1939). Although the last of these was panned by critics, it contains one of Kern and Hammerstein's best-loved songs, "All the Things You Are".〔Wilson, Jeremy. ("All the Things You Are (1939)" ). jazzstandards.com, accessed March 15, 2010〕 By the early 1940s, Hart had sunk deeper into alcoholism and emotional turmoil, and he became unreliable, prompting Rodgers to approach Hammerstein to ask if he would consider working with him.〔Layne, Joslyn. (Lorenz Hart Biography ) at Allmusic, accessed September 23, 2009〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rodgers and Hammerstein」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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